Questions tagged [game-theory]
Puzzles that involve strategic decision making, usually involving either competitive or cooperative choices between a number of participants.
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Who is most likely to win all the chips?
Alice, Bob and Charlie each have 5 chips. Starting from Alice, they take turns to act in the order of Alice, Bob and Charlie. The $n$-th person to act must take a total of $n$ chips from their ...
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What number should the first person announce?
Five people each announce a number in turn. The number must be an integer in the range from $1$ to $100$, and different from the ones already announced by others. The winner (or winners) of the game ...
- 4,883
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N prisoners locked in cells
N prisoners are locked in N separate cells, numbered 1 to N. The warden visits each cell in order with a bowl. Each prisoner can decide whether to put a single coin in the bowl, depending on its ...
- 4,883
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1
answer
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Hitting twice with different choices
This game of two players has public parameters an integer $n\ge2$, and a probability $p$ with $1/n<p\le1$. E.g. $n=4$, $p=1/3$.
In the first phase of a game, a player secretly decides $n$ ...
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1
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The Median Game - For Money
Inspired by this interesting puzzle which was quickly solved.
Five friends play a simple game with the following rules:
Players play consecutively one after the other.
Each player must call out a ...
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9
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1
answer
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The median game
Five friends play a simple game with the following rules:
Players play consecutively one after the other.
Each player must call out a whole number between 1 and 10 (inclusive), such that it hasn't ...
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5
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Two wrongs can make a right
Can you construct two single-player games A and B, such that:
Every time you play game A you are guaranteed to lose.
Every time you play game B you are guaranteed to lose.
Every time you alternate ...
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1
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Pokemon battle puzzle: Chansey vs Wobbuffet
This is a 1v1 battle between two pokemons: Chansey vs Wobbuffet.
Your task is to analyze the battle and predict its outcome.
Information about the battle:
The battle takes place in Generation III.
...
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3
votes
2
answers
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Three-player Nim
Suppose I'm forced to enter the game of nim with two players who are perfectly logical people. The rules is simple:
We play a set number of rounds.
In every round, a random number of marbles (between ...
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2
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Catch the angel in less than 7 units of time
The devil has trapped the angel in a regular hexagram of firewalls. The perimeter of the hexagram is 12.
The devil
starts at the apex of the hexagram.
can move at speed $1$ to leave a trajectory of ...
- 4,883
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How long can you survive at the devil's playground?
The devil has trapped you in his playground.
The devil knows that you can't cross over the burning boundary of his circle, so he allows you to choose a position within the circle before he starts to ...
- 4,883
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A Glutton and a Split Check
N, T, A, B are arbitrary constants in this problem. I have only definitively solved the N=1 subproblem, so, if the general problem cannot be solved, I will be satisfied to mark as accepted a solution ...
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answer
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The Box of Tic-Tacs
You were kidnapped and had no way of escape. The kidnapper opens the lights, and in front of you is an opened box of Tic-Tacs. He claims that he ate from 0-5 Tic-Tacs, (with 60 from the newly-bought ...
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Can the fugitive escape?
A fugitive is surrounded by N police officers, with the nearest one at distance 1 away. The fugitive and the officers move alternatively.
In a fugitive move, the fugitive can travel no more than a ...
- 4,883
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1
answer
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Winning strategy in game
Context: I played this game at one point (and lost) and now I'm wondering whether it was possible to win or not.
We have a hexagonal board like this:
I'm defining the following terms:
Each hexagon ...
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votes
3
answers
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Outmaneuver your opponents in the duel
A, B and C are in a three way duel. Starting with A, they rotate in the order of A-B-C, each firing one shot at a time. They stand close to one another, so that each can kill one of the others or ...
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1
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Variation of 100 prisoners [duplicate]
There are 100 prisoners, each prisoner is given a number between 1 and 100 without knowing which number, the number can repeat and not all of the numbers must be given.
Each prisoner in his turn can ...
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18
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1
answer
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Lap Theory Optimal Betting Game
Three prisoners are seated at a table. Each of them has a mobile phone on their lap, and they are not allowed to look at anyone else’s phone (and obviously no other form of communication is allowed).
...
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9
votes
2
answers
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Three way duel, which guns to choose?
Alice, Bob and Carole are involved in a game of three way duel. They take turns to shoot in the order of Alice-Bob-Carole-Alice-... until only one surviver is left standing. The rule is very simple: ...
- 4,883
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A packing game!
Amy and Ben are playing a game which is suggested by a genie. Amy first chooses $a,b,c\in\mathbb{R}^+$. Then a empty cuboid box with internal measurements $a+b,b+c,c+a$, and infinite supply of cuboid ...
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2
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Topological Nim
You and your friend's new favorite game is "topological nim": You take your favorite compact metric space $X$ and a radius $r$. Each player removes an open disk of radius $r$ from the space ...
- 1,768
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2
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Buzzword Bingo Boss Battle!
Two bosses of different companies take turns delivering long speeches. Every speech much “claim” at least one unused square by uttering the corresponding buzzword(s) in the table below. Victory is ...
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A game of 101 stones—win at (not quite) all costs
In the land of Humilia, a tournament game is played between two players with 101 stones in a pot between them. On each turn, a player may take up to five stones from the pot (and must take at least ...
- 1,768
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The 15 Pebbles Game
This is a game for 2 players - Each player uses a different coloured marker or pencil, there are 15 pebbles in total.
Players take turns to colour 1, 2 or 3 pebbles (player chooses how many). When all ...
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Find a good strategy to survive the multiplayer duel
Alice is involved in a duel with $N$ other opponents. She can choose a gun for herself with any hit probability as she wishes. She also prepares guns for her opponents, whose hit probabilities she can ...
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Playing the Square Chess
On an ordinary chess board (8x8) without any pieces on it as a starting position, two players will alternately place a pawn on any square (unoccupied) so that the first player that form a square (...
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A knight chased by four knights
This is a follow up to A knight chased by three knights
Two players are playing a variant of chess on a 11x11 grid. The first player controls a white knight that starts in the centre square. The ...
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answers
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A knight chased by three knights
Two players are playing a variant of chess on a 8x8 grid. The first player controls a white knight that starts in the top-left corner. The second player controls three black knights that start in the ...
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votes
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answers
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Simple game of dice - what is the optimal strategy?
The game is pretty simple, whoever reaches 50 first wins, but there are a few important details:
2 players, one die. Players take turns.
Rolled values are simply added up
If you roll a 6, however, ...
user69519
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Shortest game of Monopoly
This video claims that the fastest game of monopoly involves 4 turns and 9 rolls of the dice. I am wondering if this is actually the shortest game or can we do better in theory? What is the ...
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votes
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Achieve the best outcome by a tactical statement
This puzzle is taken from Schelling's Game Theory: How to Make Decisions by R.V. Dodge, in which bargaining power is gained, paradoxically, by burning bridges and removing options for oneself. Here it ...
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votes
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answer
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The sadistic chieftain and the lethal truel game
In an adventure to a remote island, you get caught by the xenophobic locals and are about to be executed. But the tribe chieftain, known for his sadistic taste, suddenly changes his mind.
"I'll ...
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votes
2
answers
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Add a divisor! A game
Let $k$ be a positive integer. Amy and Ben are playing a game, with the number $1$ written on the whiteboard initially. Amy and Ben do the following in order, starting with Amy:
Suppose the number on ...
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Which gun is Alice's best choice?
Alice, Bob and Charles are involved in a deadly three way duel game.
Before the game starts, the referee prepares three guns for the players to choose from. She randomly picks three guns from a very ...
- 4,883
8
votes
3
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Rock, Paper, Scissors, Anti-Rock
Alice and Bob are both well-known perfect logicians who have the ability to internally randomize and often pass their time by playing rock-paper-scissors. One day, tired of the usual RPS game, Alice ...
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Playing blindfolded 2048
Suppose you are playing many 2048 games, all blindfolded. As usual you can press left, right, down, or up to move the tiles. When there are no more moves the game terminates and you are told your ...
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playing "Coins on a table" against a distracted friend [duplicate]
This puzzle is a follow-up of Coins on a table (warning: the link contains the answer to the original question).
You are playing a game against your friend Alice:
first Alice places one coin on a ...
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votes
1
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Is Oh Tetris Oh! always a draw?
Alice and Bob were playing Oh-Tetris-Oh!, when they decided that every game must be a draw (played intelligently).
Can you prove this?
(Oh yes, the rules: A $10\times10$ grid, you can pick any ...
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3
votes
2
answers
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How to effectively hide an earth rebooter thingy [The Good Place Season 4 spoilers]
This puzzle is unsolved. I don't know if there is a solution or how to solve it. I'm also not sure what type of puzzle this would be, so if anyone wants to correct the tags, feel free.
Imagine you ...
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votes
1
answer
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Russian Roulette (Redux!)
You are challenged to a game of Russian roulette with a six-chamber revolver, but you and your opponent are allowed to change the outcome of the game in different ways. Here's how the game will ...
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Time to call the bluff [closed]
You are located outside of two rooms which have a door between them. Each room has one or more computers whose total power is unknown, so they cannot be reliably used as proof-of-work to compare times,...
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Reverse dots and boxes – Guess the last move
Alice and Bob are playing a game of reverse dots and boxes.
The players take turns adding one horizontal or vertical line of size 1 in one free spot on the grid (marked with light gray lines ...
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12
votes
1
answer
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Reverse dots and... cubes? - Snowflake edition
A Reverse dots-and-boxes puzzle inspired by @jafe
Albert and Robinson are playing a game of reverse dots and boxes.
The players take turns adding one plane in one free spot on the grid (...
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8
votes
2
answers
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Reverse dots and boxes, swastika edition
Alistair and Roberta are playing a game of reverse dots and boxes.
The players take turns adding one horizontal or vertical line in one free spot on the grid (marked with light gray lines in ...
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14
votes
2
answers
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Reverse dots and boxes
Alice and Bob are playing a game of reverse dots and boxes. The rules are simple:
The players take turns adding one horizontal or vertical line in one free spot on the grid (marked with light ...
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4
votes
1
answer
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Tactical Domino Placement Game
Alice and Bob take turns to place regular dominoes into a $7\times8$ board. The first player who cannot go loses.
Is there a winning strategy for either player?
Note that in this version the pips on ...
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8
votes
1
answer
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No point shuffling, just pick your cards
Alice and Bob are playing a card game with the following rules:
Alice selects two piles of 3 cards from a standard 52-card deck and places the piles in front of her, face up. Bob can see these ...
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1
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Birthday girl's casino game
My daughter's birthday is coming up. Here's a fun party game we can play to celebrate. (Bring your wallet!)
I have a pair of 6-sided dice, and a standard deck of 52 cards.
You place your ...
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1
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You versus Computer - Who will be the Winner?
You sit down to play a “new” game of chess.
In this game only one Knight is on the regular 8x8 chessboard.
Only regular legal moves of Knight are allowed.
Game begins with computer going first to ...
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13
votes
2
answers
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2019 gold coins to share [duplicate]
You and your friend has found in total 2019 gold coins in a treasure hunt. Since your friend found the place to dig up, he deserves a bit more gold than you so you offer a game to share the coins to ...
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