A little piece of Europe by a newly discovered island.
Saint Pierre and Miquelon – is a French collectivité d'outre mer, a French overseas territory near Newfoundland.
An Arab state with power beyond its size.
Qatar – is only a small state, but it has the highest per capita income in the world.
A former colony that waves a rifle proudly.
Mozambique – was a Portuguese colony until 1975 and has an AK-47 with bayonet in its flag.
A nation wracked by war, which sounds much like its neighbour.
Iraq – sounds a bit like Iran, its neighbour to the east.
With 3 official languages, its name betrays its location.
Equatorial Guinea – has the official languages French, Spanish and Portuguese and, despite its name, has no territory on the equator. (The southern border of the mainland is at 1°N; the island province Annobón lies completely south of the equator.)
The common property is that ...
... they all have a Q in their (English) name.
Working from the list of countries with a country code, the last one should be Martinique, a French département d'outre-mer. That would make the man omitted from the list someone named Martin.