Finally, an answer (Very) Partial Answerwhich I got / Work In Progressbarely before the last hint, but didn't type fast enough).
The TINKLERS are going to cheese:
The Bean, in Chicago, at 3:46pm
How I got there:
Looking at different character counts, we have the following distribution:
Count | Doubles | Triples T: 32 6 1 I: 32 0 0 N: 29 3 1 K: 41 6 0 L: 48 3 0 E: 37 3 0 R: 23 0 0 S: 91 24 3
This leads me to believe that the character 'S' is some sort of flow control character, instead of a numeral. My best guess so far:
Single S - Character separator Double S - Word separator Triple S - Line separator
Update: Hint 4 half-confirmed this, by saying that the S is a character separator.
One character adds a 0 to the previous character's value. We can figure out which is the multiplier by looking for a ciphertext-character that is never at the start of a plaintext-character. The only character that meets that is I.
One other character is an operator, though of what sort I'm not sure. My best guess is that that character is R, because it never appears as a double, and there are no lines that consist entirely of Rs, and because R is never followed by an I, and after fix by OP, never appears at the end of a character. This means R does something to the value of the next character. My best guess is that it makes that character hold a negative value.
Using these assumptions, I:
Wrote a java program to brute force all permutations of values for TNKLE (knowing they were valued at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10). I also took the resulting value of each character mod 40, because there were no possible combinations that wouldn't overflow. Then, I just cycled through all combinations until I got to one that generated readable text! (I know totally inelegant, but hey, the CIA should have supercomputers, right ;) )
This resulted in the following values:T: 3 I: Multiply previous by 10 N: 1 K: 10 L: 5 E: 2 R: Next value is negative S: Character delimiter
This revealed the message:
Adding spaces and capitalization, this becomes:comradepranksters,westrikechicago.at1546,weshallcheese...thebean!
"Comrade pranksters, we strike Chicago. At 1546, we shall cheese... The Bean!"