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A puzzle related to mathematical facts and objects, whose solution needs mathematical arguments. General mathematics questions are off-topic but can be asked on Mathematics Stack Exchange.

6 votes

An Almost-squarish set of numbers

Some hand analysis first. This is sufficient to prove there are infinitely many 4 element sets. These are NOT all of the 4 element options. I believe you can start with any number (at all), then pic …
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11 votes
Accepted

What extra number did I form?

Non-programming solution to find the number:
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2 votes

Labyrinth of Teleporters

Strategy that guarantees your exit in finite time (no probabilistic mumbo-jumbo here :P). Drop stone in the first room, obviously. . . Filling up the holes: Not shown - proof that the presented se …
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0 votes

The Game of Barranca

220 is 2^2 * 5 * 11, it can be obtained as (2,10,11) and (4,5,11) 216 is 2^3 * 3^3, it can be obtained as (2,9,12), (3,6,12), (3,8,9), (4,6,9), (2,3,4,9) 224 is 2^5 * 7, it can be obtained as (14,16), …
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0 votes

Pouring water from the 10 liter container

As all the reasonable solutions seem to be disallowed: It is trivial to get to 4.8l, simply put 8l container inside the 6l one and fill the 6l one to the edge so it holds 4.8l. There is no other stack …
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0 votes

Find the most unfortunate compact combination of coins to have in LOLandia

You don't need any code for that. No spoilers as solution is quite obvious and it has been a day. 3x20 simplifies to 50+10. 20+20+10 simplifies to 50 and 20+20 > 20+10. Therefore, we cannot have 2x20. …
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1 vote

Rock climbing at the Tokyo Olympics

There is a third possible interpretation of the question - the largest possible score with particular subscores that guarantees the finals. This is the highest possible score that gets a candidate to …
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8 votes
Accepted

Find an integer where each sum of 5 consecutive digits is prime

New high score :P List of possible primes is 43, 41, 37, 31, 29, 23, 19, 17, 13, 11, 7, 5, 3, 2. Distances between those primes are 2, 4, 6, 2, 6, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 2, 1. Which? The key observation …
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1 vote

How many gold coins can you extract from the billionaire?

Well, mean is infinite (easy enough to see): Median is finite though. In code I slightly simplified the problem - function [n,m,k] = so_coins(n) % n=number of coins left in the urn. m=0; % number o …
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0 votes

Balancing the marble game (Red marbles are OP, please nerf)

As we note, after a round of both losing, everything is the way it was initially. Let's proclaim chance to draw a red ball is r, chance to draw a blue ball is b = 1-r. Probability A wins in a round is …
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2 votes

Flipping coins in a circle

Less "mathy" approach: Now how to find it: Now worst case:
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0 votes

Can you minimise the arithmetic average?

Each step increases sum by the 2*(x+y). It is obvious that the minimum increase of sum in a particular step is if you take the lowest two numbers available. But this is not quite enough to show greedy …
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2 votes

Wizard creating a jewelry

No need for computers, hand solving will do (though I did use code in the end to avoid making any calculation mess). It is trivial to see that you should start from the end. Then preferentially remov …
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7 votes

A rook's tour of the chessboard

Human mind can brute force too :P 2 is obvious and 3 is easy. Then: List of prime distances from 3 onward: 2, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 6, 2, 6, 4, 2, 4, 6, 6, 2, (5) - to get from 61 to 2. Draw path in co …
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4 votes
1 answer
278 views

Two dice with same probability for each sum mk2

Inspired by Two dice with the same probability for each sum? To cheat in a game of sums, you get yourself a pair of magic dice. That pair behaves in a wonderful way where each individual die is fair …
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