Paint numbers from 1 to 23 with three colours

Question

Can you paint every number from 1 to 23 with three colours, such that there are no distinct numbers $𝑎,𝑏,𝑐$ of the same colour with $𝑎+𝑏=𝑐$? For example, you cannot have 2, 3 and 5 of the same colour since 2+3=5. You may need to use a computer to solve this.

Here is a similar puzzle for numbers 1 to 8 painted with two colours: Paint numbers from 1 to 8 with two colours

Good luck!

Answer 1

I have found that solution (thanks Python !) :

Red : 1, 2, 4, 8, 11, 16, 22
Green : 3, 5, 6, 7, 19, 21, 23
Blue : 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20

Here is my code if you're curious !

 # Tells for each color if it is available for this number
 def getColorsAvailabilities(n):
     av = [True] * 3
     for i in range(1, (n+1) // 2): # Only iterate up to half the number
         if (colors[i] == colors[n-i]):
             # If i and (n-i) have same color, n cannot be of that color
             av[colors[i]] = False
     return av
 
 # Main recursive function
 def test(n):
     if (n >= 24):
         return True
     colorsAvailabilities = getColorsAvailabilities(n)
     # Try each available color, in order
     for color in range(3):
         if colorsAvailabilities[color]:
             colors[n] = color
             if test(n+1):
                 return True  # Stop when we found a solution
     # If every available color results in a failure, backtrack
     return False
 
 # First try : 1 and 2 have same colors
 colors = [-1] * 24
 colors[1] = 0
 colors[2] = 0
 print(test(3)) # It works !
 print(colors) # My solution (with Red = 0, Green = 1, Blue = 2)
 # Second try : 1 and 2 have different colors
 colors = [-1] * 24
 colors[1] = 0
 colors[2] = 1
 print(test(3)) # Doesn't work (stops at 22)
 print(colors)
 

Answer 2

I used a computer, and found the following solution:

First group: $1,2,4,8,11,22$
Second group: $3,5,6,7,19,21,23$
Third group: $9,10,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,20$

You can move $16$ or $17$ to the first group, but not both. Those are the only three solutions according to my program, other than permuting the groups. Note that $24$ cannot be added to any group.