- an English peninsula (1, 2)
- a Scottish peninsula (2, 3)
- a mostly-mainland state (10, 11)
- a country no longer home to lions (10)
- a country never home to lions (5)
- a tidal strait (4, 6)
- a tidal bay (13)
- a city in Missouri (3)
The answers give a final clue.
Hint/clarification:
#1 is located in London. Apparently there are others elsewhere in England that would fit as well.
Hint #2:
The final answer is a sovereign country.
Hint #3:
#7 is in South America.