Just one letter different from my earlier answer, perhaps you are a
CORNER.
No orbit can I fully touch
Orbits are smooth, corners not. An orbit never has a sharp corner in it.
At odds, I am constructed to house nothing
I don't see that CORNER is any different from CORNEA for this. So I'm left with the same feeble speculation: the odd letters are CRE, which can "house nothing" by having an O inserted to yield CORE.
When back is met, new life may I give
Here as with CORNEA, I observe that replacing the end of the word with -MET yields COMET, and that there are kinda-semi-plausible theories that the first living organisms on earth didn't develop here but arrived on a comet.
If I belong to you, then supporting is a friend within
This line baffles me about as much if the answer is CORNER as if the answer is CORNEA. Perhaps a little more since we don't have AMI inside CORNER+MINE as we do instead of CORNEA+MINE, but that was always totally unconvincing anyway. [EDITED to add:] In TSL chat, @Rubio suggests that this is about the idea of having "a friend in your corner"; I have not often heard this phrase but on reflection I think Rubio is right.
Your rich Uncle Pennybags encourages you to apply me to a market.
Cornering a market is one step short of getting a monopoly in it. ("Rich Uncle Pennybags" is the mascot of the game Monopoly.)
A childe who remembers well the face of their father should be able to wrap their mind around me.
Dunno what's going on here. Perhaps something to do with the phrase "round the bend", though that seems pretty improbable. No obvious connection with Childe Roland or Childe Harold, so far as I see.
If rounded I am, no longer is your sight obstructed.
When you round a corner, you are no longer unable to see what lies past it.
cryptic
tag means. I can add it if you think it should have it. $\endgroup$