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Surnames (though there are probably some men without them)
Married men give theirs to their wives.
Many wives (in Western cultures, at least) take the husband's surname in marriage
Koreans tend to have short ones.
Romanized Korean names ("Gim/Kim", "Pa[r]k", "Li/Lee/Rhee", "Choi" are some popular last names) are often very short
Many Germans have long ones.
German surnames can be long, as German lends itself to long compound words
The current US President has a longer one than his predecessor.
Obama is longer, by one letter, than Bush
Popes rarely use theirs.
Popes usually take a Pope Name, like "Innocent" or "Pius" or "Gregory"