Perhaps you are buying a
Doughnut (though not!)
EDIT: After being told the first one is not a correct answer, here is another one:
It is COTTON that you are buying, as
I started off buying nothing.
Nothing = O
Then I bought twice as much nothing.
Twice of nothing is OO
Then half as much nothing with a whole lot of nothing.
half as mucjmuch nothing is C (half of O) with whole lot of nothing is NOT
At the end, only half of what I was buying was nothing.
in the word COTTON, half of its NOT, as per the title of ththe riddle (Not can be used for nothing)